This is the fourth strategy in our series of featured math strategies. This month, we’re focusing on the Area Model to multiply.
The area model helps students see multiplication as finding the total area of a rectangle by breaking it into smaller, more manageable parts. By partitioning numbers into tens and ones, students can make sense of multiplication across a variety of situations, such as equal groups, comparisons, combinations, and area problems.
For example, when solving a problem like 24 × 38, students might break the rectangle into parts (20 × 30, 20 × 8, 4 × 30, and 4 × 8), find each partial product, and then combine them. This same thinking supports real‑world problems, such as finding the total number of plants in equal rows, comparing quantities that scale up, counting possible outfit combinations, or determining the area of a rectangular space like a garden or orchard.
The area model also builds a strong bridge to the traditional multiplication algorithm. By visually connecting each partial product in the model to the steps in the algorithm, students develop a deeper understanding of why the algorithm works, not just how to use it. This strategy strengthens conceptual understanding, supports flexible thinking, and helps students approach multiplication with confidence and meaning.

Source: Ontario Mathematics Curriculum, 2020, Grade 5, B2.6 Operations Example